Following kidney transplantation, antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) occurs when the

antibodies of the immune system attack the transplanted organ, leading to damage of

the kidney tissue. De novo human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies (HLADSAs)

play a key role in AMR. Current therapeutic approaches include intravenous

immunoglobulin, anti-CD20 antibodies, and plasmapheresis. In cases resistant to

treatment, proteasome inhibitors and C5 inhibitors may be employed. Nevertheless, a

pressing need exists for new medications to improve transplant survival and reduce

complications. In the context of AMR, interleukin (IL)-6 is instrumental in the development

and maturation of B cells into plasma cells, which then produce HLA-DSAs targeting

the allograft. IL-6 inhibitors are currently under investigation and show promise

due to the essential role of IL-6 in the immune response; however, additional research is

necessary.